When the spark ignites the mixture, the flame spreads out from the plug at a certain speed. When you get very big cylinders (ie 600cc as opposed to a Honda 600's 150cc) the flame front doesnt get to the far end when it should. So you end up advancing the ignition and getting poor running etc.
So instaed, you put in two spark plugs. Better efficiency.
Bit more complicated than that, but thats the principle.