K&Ns
there is no doubt that in the 'old days' K&Ns could add bhp, particularly to motors that had been breathed upon.
I think these days motor are far better engineered in the first place, so the gains will be much less (zero?).
K&Ns do score over paper air filters when dirty. The flow of a paper filter falls off when its starts getting dirt in it. K&Ns continue to flow, so their great for dusty conditions.
You can buy a cleaning fluid to soak then in. you then wash them out under a tap and dry. finally squirt special oil onto them.