I take it you mean what selection of existing available parts, not how would you design a new motor.
If that is the case it would depend on what use you would be putting the bike too, and if you value high torque in the rev range you will use 98 % of the time over high horsepower in the range you use 2% of the time.
Almost all the tuning information you will read on BMWs seems to be aimed at the 2%ers
For example I recently read that someone is getting 110 hp out of 32 mm bings, which might suggest to some that 25 mm carbs would do OK on the average 52 hp 1000cc bike , and 29 mm would be good for almost any road bike, but most will tell you that you need 40 mm carbs to make decent power.
My F650 makes 65 hp / liter at the rear wheel with somewhere around 65 degrees less cam duration than a 336, measured at the mandated checking clearances, but most will tell you that huge duration cams are essential.
Some guys who are building high power motors only use new late pattern blocks, and some of the guys racing in the mid 70's reported head/ piston contact with anything less than the factory mandated 80 thou clearance, so I would use the best late model cases you can find if you intend going the high rev/ high hp route.
But again, others report no problems, without being too specific as to what the are actually running.
My small valve, small port, small carb , small chamber, small exhaust ,high comp, low geared 1000 cc G/S actually flies along the road as fast as bikes which claim twice the HP that BMW claimed for the R80, so for me low speed torque is the king.