I always understood that the term sufferance related to the temporary storage of goods that have yet to be authorised to enter the country by a customs official - the goods were therefore here on sufferance & stored pending clearance. The time goods can be held in sufferance varies, dependant on the commodity, from just a few days with perishables up to a max of around 6 weeks.
On the other hand, bonded refers to the long term storage of goods that have been cleared through customs, where the payment of duty has been deferred pending distribution, but has been assured by way of a bond. IIRC the usual maximum period in bond is 4 years.